沧州街边线性小公园
穿越围墙的”客厅”
——沧州街边线性小公园
这个一个“开墙破洞”的尝试。
我们城市的街道，应该算是一种公共空间。
人们可以在这种公共空间中邂逅、行走和休闲，在合适的地方，我们希望这种公共空间是放松、自由的。
然而，大部分街道空间，往往只满足了车流和人流的匆匆行进，
标准的道路断面，车行、人行、绿化和围墙，构成了这些空间的乏味，给人的感觉并不放松，也不自由，
似乎在对着使用这样街道的人们喊：“瞎晃啥呢？街道不欢迎你！”
前几年，公共管理部门可能也意识到了这些街道的“不人性”，
提出“开墙破洞”的口号，号称打开围墙，让更多小区、大院的室外空间纳入到城市公共空间之中。
然而，种种原因，此政策雷声大雨点小，竟无疾而终。
新冠疫情的肆虐，出于管控的需要，各种围栏建立起来，这政策更可能要反其道而实施了。
有没有“破”和“围”两全的办法？
房木生景观在河北沧州市的一条小街上做出了一个尝试：
普通一街道，路边没有树。
人行道变成了小广场，两排涌泉从路上汩汩涌出，有小孩在穿梭嬉戏。
围墙，用U型玻璃建造，后面是高大的杨树，树影洒落在半透明的U玻上，形成斜斜的自然音符。
五个清水混凝土的方框，破开了连续的围墙，通过其上的透明玻璃，把围墙后面的树木及水塘风景接纳透露进来；
而方框中，有人闲坐，或端或歪，皆成了这框中之景……。
原来不是这样的。
我们的城市特别是北方城市，往往都被各种有围墙的“大院”分割着。
道路和街道，是连通这些大院的通道，道路两边，除了或宽或窄的绿化带，就是围墙。
即使是一些免费开放的公园，也被围墙包围着，公共与私有之间，总存在着一些隔阂。
沧州这条还未命名的街道边，也一样。
路南有个名人植物园，里面水面开阔，绿树葱茏，是一个公共免费的公园，
但有围墙挡住了走在街上行人随意共享。
朋友的公司开发建设了街道北边的住宅区，号称毗邻公园，但在很多地方也得走好几百米才能进入这个公园。
宋代郭熙论山水之“可行”、“可望”、“可游”及“可居”，表述了“君子”对林泉的一种审美取向。
面对即使是不算特别的植物园“山水”，设计师提出的策略，是建造一个可“行、望、游、居”的界面，
将界面两边的城市和山水能达成媾和，互为风景共生。
首先，是打开围墙，放置五个相同的清水混凝土方框，取景为“望”，可坐为“居”。
其次，把围墙用U型玻璃封闭起来，建立可以承载枝叶光影的媒介，
也让混凝土框取景更为聚焦，实际也保留了城市管理中清晰的物理界线。
其三，在中间方框两边，各设三个混凝土高柱，有水跌落，
完成甲方关于办公楼对景“风水”的需求，同时也实现一下高山流水的意象。
最后，给路边留一片石材铺装的空地，为可能的多功能活动留出最大的可能平整空间。
只是，做了两条旱喷泉，动态涌出的水，活跃这块平旷的空间，
让进入这块场地的人们在“行”中“游”，平淡的日常，也可以有更多的色彩。
设计，其实是在解决实际的问题。
设计师刚开始接到的这个任务，是为街道北边开发商朋友的办公兼售楼总部“建造一个对景，最好有水景。”
同时，因为这条街道的非主街属性，有临时利用广阔路面作为集会广场的需求可能。
而办公楼上轮番播放广告和为了集聚人气每天晚上放映一部电影的大屏幕，也需要一个可以观演的平台空间。
本设计基本满足了以上所有的需求，而并不限于此，
“开墙破洞”的举措，实际上大大延长了这块场地的“风水之气“，
打破了风景获得的藩篱，让街道、公园与办公楼等元素获得了共生，
从而成为了这个城市一处小小的温暖的”室外客厅“。
丹麦建筑师扬·盖尔（Jan Gehl）说过：“判断城市质量高低的方法，
不是观察多少人在步行，而是调查他们是否把时间花费在了城市中，
如停留、观望或坐下来享受城市、风景和纷繁的人群。
”我们希望通过设计和建造这个小型的街边口袋公园，也能达到诸如此类的效果，
为沧州市的城市质量，添点儿力量。
项目地址：河北省沧州市
项目名称：沧州市街边线性小公园
建设单位：河北天成房地产开发有限公司
设计单位：房木生景观设计（北京）有限公司
主创设计师：房木生
项目设计师：周强
参与人员：严景业、马家乐
设计时间：2019，9——2020，4
建设时间：2020，5——2020，7
英文说明：
The "living room" through the wall
——A Small linear park on the street of Cangzhou.
This is an attempt to "open a hole in the wall".
The streets of our cities should be considered a public space. People can encounter, walk and relax in this public space, and where appropriate, we want this public space to be relaxed and free. However, most street spaces, often satisfied only with the rush of traffic and pedestrian traffic, the standard road cross-section, car traffic, pedestrian traffic, greenery and fences, constitute the tedium of these spaces, giving the impression of not being relaxed or free, as if shouting at people using such streets: "What are you doing wandering around blindly? You are not welcome on the street!" A few years ago, the public administration may have realized the "inhumanity" of these streets and put forward the slogan of "open a hole in the wall", claiming to open up the walls to allow more outdoor space in the neighborhoods and compounds to be incorporated into the public space of the city. However, for a variety of reasons, this policy which is thunder is loud and the rain is light . It ended without a hitch. The new crown epidemic is raging and various fences are established out of the need for control, and this policy is more likely to be implemented in the opposite direction.
Is there a solution to both "break" and "surround"?
Farmerson Architects made an attempt in a small street in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province:
Ordinary one street with no trees on the side of the road. The sidewalk turned into a small square, two rows of gushing springs bubbled up from the road, and there were children playing in the shuttle. The enclosure, built with U-shaped glass, is backed by tall poplar trees, whose shadows spill onto the translucent U-shaped glass, forming a slanted natural note. Five boxes of clear concrete, breaking through the continuous fence, through its transparent glass, the trees behind the fence and the water pond landscape accepted to reveal in, and the box, someone sitting idly, or end or crooked, all become the scene in this box.
It turns out that this is not the case.
Our cities, especially in the north, are often divided by a variety of walled "compounds". Roads and streets, which are connected to these compounds, are lined with walls on both sides of the road, except for the green belts, which are either wide or narrow.Even some free open parks are surrounded by walls, and there is always some separation between public and private. The same is true for the side of this yet-to-be-named street in Cangzhou. There is a celebrity botanical garden south of the road, which has open water and lush greenery, a public free park, but there is a fence blocking pedestrians walking on the street from sharing it at will. A friend's company developed and built a residential area on the north side of the street, claiming to be adjacent to a park, but in many places you also have to walk several hundred meters to access this park.
Guo Xi of the Song Dynasty discusses the "feasible", "desirable", "tourable" and "livable" nature of landscape, expressing the aesthetic orientation of the "gentleman" towards the forest and springs. Being faced with the not-so-special "landscape" of the botanical garden, the designer's strategy is to create an interface that allows "walking, looking, traveling and living", so that the city and the landscape on both sides of the interface can make peace and live together as a mutual landscape. The first step is to open the fence and place five identical fair-faced concrete boxes, taking the view as "looking" and sitting as "living". The second, enclosing the fence with U-shaped glass establishes a medium that can carry the light and shadow of branches and leaves, and also allows the concrete frame to take a more focused view, and actually preserves a clear physical boundary in urban management. The third, in the middle of the box on both sides, there are three concrete columns with water falling down, to complete the needs of the office building on the scenery "Feng Shui", but also to achieve the image of high mountains and flowing water. Finally, leaving a stone paved clearing for the curb to allow the maximum possible leveling space for possible multifunctional activities. Only, making two dry fountains, dynamic gushing water, active this piece of open space, so that people entering this site in the "walking" in the "traveling", ordinary daily life, but also can have more color.
Designing, in fact, is solving practical problems. The designer was initially given the task of "building a counter-view, preferably with a water feature" for the office and sales headquarters of a developer friend on the north side of the street. At the same time, because of the non-main street nature of this street, there is a demand for temporary use of the vast road surface as a gathering square. The office building with rotating advertisements and a large screen that shows a movie every night in order to gather popularity also needs a platform space where the show can be viewed. The design basically meets all of the above needs, but not only. The "open a hole in the wall" initiative has actually greatly extended the "Feng Shui qi" of the site, breaking the barrier of landscape access and allowing the symbiosis of street, park and office elements. Thus, it has become a small warm "outdoor living room" in the city.
Location: Cangzhou, Hebei Province
Project: A small linear park on the street in Cangzhou.
Client: Hebei Tiancheng Real Estate Development Co.
Architects: Farmerson Architects.
Presiding architect: Fang Musheng
Project Architect: Zhou Qiang,Yan Jingye, Ma Jiale
Design: